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- Target of Evaluation
An IT system, product, or component that is identified to require security evaluation.

- Vulnerability
Existence of a weakness, design, or implementation error that can lead to an unexpected and undesirable event compromising the security of the system.

- Threat
An action or event that might compromise security. A threat is a potential violation of security.

- Attack
An assault on the system security that is derived from an intelligent threat. An attack is any action that violates security.

- Exploit
A defined way to breach the security of an IT system through vulnerability.